Could Your Joint Pain Be Reactive Arthritis?

Reactive arthritis is a type of inflammatory arthritis that occurs in response to an infection in another part of the body. It is considered a type of spondyloarthritis and typically affects the joints, eyes, and urinary tract.

Reactive arthritis is often triggered by infections such as sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or gastrointestinal infections. Organisms like Chlamydia, Salmonella, Shigella, and Yersinia are common culprits. The condition develops when the immune system mistakenly attacks the joints in response to the infection.

Common symptoms include joint pain and swelling (often in the knees, ankles, and feet), along with fever, fatigue, and inflammation of the eyes (conjunctivitis). Some patients may also experience urinary symptoms due to the underlying infection.

Factors that may increase the risk of developing reactive arthritis include being male, having a history of STIs or gastrointestinal infections, a family history of arthritis, and the presence of certain genetic markers (like HLA-B27) in some individuals.

Diagnosis usually involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. Blood tests may check for signs of inflammation, infection threads, and genetic markers. Joint fluid analysis may be performed in some cases to rule out other conditions.

Treatment primarily focuses on managing symptoms and addressing any underlying infections. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) may be prescribed. In some instances, antibiotics may be necessary if there is an ongoing bacterial infection.

In addition to medical treatment, certain lifestyle changes can be beneficial. These may include regular exercise, a balanced diet rich in anti-inflammatory foods, hydration, and stress management techniques, such as yoga or meditation.

It’s essential to consult a healthcare provider if you experience unexplained joint pain, especially if accompanied by other symptoms such as fever or signs of infection. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial in managing reactive arthritis effectively.

If untreated, reactive arthritis can lead to chronic arthritis symptoms, joint damage, and decreased quality of life. Regular monitoring and follow-up care can help minimize these risks.

Staying informed about your condition and adhering to treatment is vital. Support groups and counseling can also help individuals cope with the emotional and physical toll of chronic joint pain.