How to Sketch a Realistic Portrait

Start by collecting all necessary sketching materials. You will need high-quality sketch paper, graphite pencils (preferably ranging from H to B grades), an eraser, and a blending stump. Optionally, you may want to include colored pencils or charcoal for additional details.

Select a reference photo or a live model for your portrait. Ensure the lighting is flattering, as shadows and highlights will add depth to your sketch. Consider starting with a subject whose features you feel comfortable drawing.

Before sketching, familiarize yourself with the basic proportions of the human face. A common guideline is that the face can be divided into thirds - the top third from the hairline to the eyebrows, the middle third from the eyebrows to the bottom of the nose, and the bottom third from the nose to the chin.

Use a light touch with a 2H pencil to outline the basic shape of the head. Start with an oval to represent the head and draw a vertical line down the middle to ensure symmetry. Add horizontal lines to denote the position of the eyes, nose, and mouth.

Begin placing the facial features according to the guidelines from Step 3. Draw the eyes along the eye line, making sure to leave the appropriate distance between them. Position the nose below the eyes and the mouth below the nose, adjusting for the specific features of your subject.

Once the basic placement is done, begin refining the features. Pay close attention to details such as the shape of the eyes, the curve of the lips, and the contours of the nose. Use a softer pencil (like a 4B) to add depth and shading.

Sketch the hair flowing from the scalp, capturing its texture and flow. For ears, ensure they align with the eye line and nose for correct placement. Use soft strokes to add volume and depth to these features.

Use a blending stump or soft cloth to apply light shading around the eyes, under the nose, and along the jawline to create dimension. Remember to leave areas lighter, where highlights naturally occur, like at the bridge of the nose and cheekbones.

Review your sketch and make necessary adjustments. Pay attention to smaller details in the eyes, nostrils, and wrinkles. This is the time to enhance contrasts, add finer hair details, or make any necessary corrections to proportions.

If desired, you can add a background or context to your portrait. This could be a simple gradient or a more elaborate setting, which can help highlight your subject.

Once satisfied with your portrait, sign your name at the bottom corner. To protect your sketch, consider applying a fixative spray or placing it in a portfolio sleeve.